It is possible to place direct constraints on WW-photon and WWZ couplings by studying their tree-level contributions to the process e^+e^- ---> W^+W^-. However, these couplings also contribute at the loop level to e^+e^- ---> f fbar processes where `f' is any Standard-Model fermion. In this paper the available LEP1.5 and LEP2 data, the anticipated LEP2 data and possible linear collider data for these latter processes is combined with low-energy and Z-pole data to place indirect constraints on nonstandard WW-photon and WWZ couplings. The direct and indirect constraints are then compared. An effective Lagrangian is used to describe the new physics. In order that the implications of this analysis are as broad as possible, both the light-Higgs scenario, described by an effective Lagrangian with a linear realization of the symmetry-breaking sector, and the strongly interacting scenario, described by the electroweak chiral Lagrangian, are considered.
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机译：通过研究它们对过程e ^ + e ^----> W ^ + W ^-的树级贡献，可以对WW-光子和WWZ耦合施加直接约束。但是，这些耦合也会在环路级别上对f fbar过程产生影响，其中f是任何标准模型费米子。本文将可用的LEP1.5和LEP2数据，预期的LEP2数据以及这些后期过程的可能的线性对撞机数据与低能和Z极数据相结合，从而对非标准WW-光子和WWZ耦合施加间接约束。然后比较直接和间接约束。一个有效的拉格朗日函数用于描述新的物理学。为了使分析的影响尽可能广泛，既有有效的拉格朗日方法描述的具有对称破折线的线性实现的轻-希格斯场景，也有电弱的手性拉格朗日方法描述的强相互作用的场景，被考虑。
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